Koncentrácia roztokov je jedna z najdôležitejších tém v chémii, ktorá... Show more
Chémia
Slovenský jazyk
Angličtina
MatematikaSign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
17
•
Updated Mar 15, 2026
•
Základy koncentrácie roztokov: Riedené a koncentrované roztoky
1 / 7
Koncentrácia roztokov - základy
Predstav si, že si robíš čaj. Koľko čaju dáš do vody určuje, aký bude "silný" - to je vlastne koncentrácia! Je to spôsob, ako vyjadríme, koľko jednej látky je rozpustenej v druhej.
Aby si tomu rozumel, musíš poznať základné pojmy. Roztok je zmes dvoch látok, ktorá vyzerá ako jedna - napríklad slaná voda. Rozpúšťadlo je látka, ktorá rozpúšťa (najčastejšie voda), a rozpustená látka je to, co sa v nej rozpustí (soľ, cukor).
Roztoky môžu byť koncentrované alebo zriedené . Hmotnostný zlomok je číselný spôsob, ako presne vyjadríme koncentráciu.
💡 Tip: Voda sa nazýva univerzálne rozpúšťadlo, pretože rozpustí veľa rôznych látok!
Ako sa koncentrácia vyjadruje
Najčastejšie používame hmotnostný zlomok (w), ktorý nám ukáže pomer hmotnosti rozpustenej látky k celkovej hmotnosti roztoku. Vzorec je jednoduchý: w = hmotnosť rozpustenej látky / hmotnosť celého roztoku.
Dôležité je, že celková hmotnosť roztoku je vždy súčet hmotnosti rozpustenej látky a rozpúšťadla. Toto je častá chyba na testoch - nezabudni pripočítať obe časti!
Hmotnostný zlomok môžeš ľahko previesť na percentá - stačí ho vynásobiť číslom 100. Takže ak máš w = 0,2, koncentrácia je 20%.
💡 Pozor: Vždy používaj rovnaké jednotky - buď všetko v gramoch, alebo všetko v kilogramoch!
Riešené príklady - časť 1
Pozrime si konkrétne príklady, aby si to pochopil lepšie. Ak rozpustíš 50 g cukru v 200 g vody, celková hmotnosť roztoku bude 250 g (50 + 200).
Hmotnostný zlomok vypočítaš ako 50/250 = 0,2, čo je 20% roztok cukru. Vidíš? Nie je to až také ťažké, keď postupuješ krok za krokom.
Druhý príklad: potrebuješ 300 g 15% roztoku soli. Koľko soli a vody? Hmotnosť soli = 0,15 × 300 = 45 g, hmotnosť vody = 300 - 45 = 255 g.
💡 Kontrola: Vždy si skontroluj výsledok - súčet častí musí dať celok!
Riešené príklady - časť 2
Zriedenie roztokov je trochu zložitejšie, ale zvládneš to. Máš 100 g 25% roztoku octu a chceš ho zriediť na 5%. Koľko vody pridáš?
Najprv zistíš, koľko octu máš: 0,25 × 100 = 25 g. Táto hmotnosť octu sa nemení, len pridáš vodu. Pre 5% roztok musí byť celková hmotnosť 25/0,05 = 500 g.
Takže musíš pridať 500 - 100 = 400 g vody. Vidíš, že pridáš veľa vody, aby si dostal slabý roztok!
💡 Kľúč: Pri zrieďovaní sa hmotnosť rozpustenej látky nemení, len sa pridá rozpúšťadlo.
Dôležité tipy a poznámky
Pri riešení úloh si vždy kontroluj jednotky - to je najčastejšia chyba žiakov. Ak máš gramy a kilogramy, preveď všetko na rovnaké jednotky pred počítaním.
Koncentrácia ovplyvňuje vlastnosti roztokov. Čím je roztok koncentrovanejší, tým je napríklad sladší alebo slanší. V laboratóriu buď opatrný s koncentrovanými roztokmi!
Zapamätaj si základný vzťah: celková hmotnosť = rozpustená látka + rozpúšťadlo. Tento vzorec použiješ v každej úlohe.
💡 Na test: Precvič si výpočty hmotnostného zlomku a prepočty na percentá - to sú najčastejšie typy úloh.
Zhrnutie a opakovanie
Koncentrácia roztokov nie je ťažká, keď pochopíš základy. Roztok je zmes rozpúšťadla a rozpustenej látky, koncentrácia hovorí o ich pomere.
Hmotnostný zlomok w = hmotnosť rozpustenej látky / hmotnosť roztoku je hlavný vzorec, ktorý musíš ovládať. Na percentá ho prevedieš vynásobením 100.
Zriedené roztoky majú málo rozpustenej látky, koncentrované veľa. Pri úlohách postupuj systematicky - zisti čo máš, čo hľadáš, a použij správny vzorec.
💡 Domáca úloha: Skús vypočítať koncentráciu soli v morskej vode - skvelá príprava na test!
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI companion is specifically built for the needs of students. Based on the millions of content pieces we have on the platform we can provide truly meaningful and relevant answers to students. But its not only about answers, the companion is even more about guiding students through their daily learning challenges, with personalised study plans, quizzes or content pieces in the chat and 100% personalisation based on the students skills and developments.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app in the Google Play Store and in the Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
Most popular content in Chémia
Most popular content
Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.
Students love us — and so will you.
4.6/5
App Store
4.7/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
Základy koncentrácie roztokov: Riedené a koncentrované roztoky
Koncentrácia roztokov je jedna z najdôležitejších tém v chémii, ktorá ti pomôže pochopiť, koľko nejakej látky je rozpustenej v inej látke. Je to užitočné nielen pri testoch, ale aj v bežnom živote - napríklad keď si miešaš sirup alebo varíš.
Koncentrácia roztokov - základy
Predstav si, že si robíš čaj. Koľko čaju dáš do vody určuje, aký bude "silný" - to je vlastne koncentrácia! Je to spôsob, ako vyjadríme, koľko jednej látky je rozpustenej v druhej.
Aby si tomu rozumel, musíš poznať základné pojmy. Roztok je zmes dvoch látok, ktorá vyzerá ako jedna - napríklad slaná voda. Rozpúšťadlo je látka, ktorá rozpúšťa (najčastejšie voda), a rozpustená látka je to, co sa v nej rozpustí (soľ, cukor).
Roztoky môžu byť koncentrované alebo zriedené . Hmotnostný zlomok je číselný spôsob, ako presne vyjadríme koncentráciu.
💡 Tip: Voda sa nazýva univerzálne rozpúšťadlo, pretože rozpustí veľa rôznych látok!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Ako sa koncentrácia vyjadruje
Najčastejšie používame hmotnostný zlomok (w), ktorý nám ukáže pomer hmotnosti rozpustenej látky k celkovej hmotnosti roztoku. Vzorec je jednoduchý: w = hmotnosť rozpustenej látky / hmotnosť celého roztoku.
Dôležité je, že celková hmotnosť roztoku je vždy súčet hmotnosti rozpustenej látky a rozpúšťadla. Toto je častá chyba na testoch - nezabudni pripočítať obe časti!
Hmotnostný zlomok môžeš ľahko previesť na percentá - stačí ho vynásobiť číslom 100. Takže ak máš w = 0,2, koncentrácia je 20%.
💡 Pozor: Vždy používaj rovnaké jednotky - buď všetko v gramoch, alebo všetko v kilogramoch!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Riešené príklady - časť 1
Pozrime si konkrétne príklady, aby si to pochopil lepšie. Ak rozpustíš 50 g cukru v 200 g vody, celková hmotnosť roztoku bude 250 g (50 + 200).
Hmotnostný zlomok vypočítaš ako 50/250 = 0,2, čo je 20% roztok cukru. Vidíš? Nie je to až také ťažké, keď postupuješ krok za krokom.
Druhý príklad: potrebuješ 300 g 15% roztoku soli. Koľko soli a vody? Hmotnosť soli = 0,15 × 300 = 45 g, hmotnosť vody = 300 - 45 = 255 g.
💡 Kontrola: Vždy si skontroluj výsledok - súčet častí musí dať celok!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Riešené príklady - časť 2
Zriedenie roztokov je trochu zložitejšie, ale zvládneš to. Máš 100 g 25% roztoku octu a chceš ho zriediť na 5%. Koľko vody pridáš?
Najprv zistíš, koľko octu máš: 0,25 × 100 = 25 g. Táto hmotnosť octu sa nemení, len pridáš vodu. Pre 5% roztok musí byť celková hmotnosť 25/0,05 = 500 g.
Takže musíš pridať 500 - 100 = 400 g vody. Vidíš, že pridáš veľa vody, aby si dostal slabý roztok!
💡 Kľúč: Pri zrieďovaní sa hmotnosť rozpustenej látky nemení, len sa pridá rozpúšťadlo.
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Dôležité tipy a poznámky
Pri riešení úloh si vždy kontroluj jednotky - to je najčastejšia chyba žiakov. Ak máš gramy a kilogramy, preveď všetko na rovnaké jednotky pred počítaním.
Koncentrácia ovplyvňuje vlastnosti roztokov. Čím je roztok koncentrovanejší, tým je napríklad sladší alebo slanší. V laboratóriu buď opatrný s koncentrovanými roztokmi!
Zapamätaj si základný vzťah: celková hmotnosť = rozpustená látka + rozpúšťadlo. Tento vzorec použiješ v každej úlohe.
💡 Na test: Precvič si výpočty hmotnostného zlomku a prepočty na percentá - to sú najčastejšie typy úloh.
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Zhrnutie a opakovanie
Koncentrácia roztokov nie je ťažká, keď pochopíš základy. Roztok je zmes rozpúšťadla a rozpustenej látky, koncentrácia hovorí o ich pomere.
Hmotnostný zlomok w = hmotnosť rozpustenej látky / hmotnosť roztoku je hlavný vzorec, ktorý musíš ovládať. Na percentá ho prevedieš vynásobením 100.
Zriedené roztoky majú málo rozpustenej látky, koncentrované veľa. Pri úlohách postupuj systematicky - zisti čo máš, čo hľadáš, a použij správny vzorec.
💡 Domáca úloha: Skús vypočítať koncentráciu soli v morskej vode - skvelá príprava na test!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI companion is specifically built for the needs of students. Based on the millions of content pieces we have on the platform we can provide truly meaningful and relevant answers to students. But its not only about answers, the companion is even more about guiding students through their daily learning challenges, with personalised study plans, quizzes or content pieces in the chat and 100% personalisation based on the students skills and developments.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app in the Google Play Store and in the Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
1
Smart Tools NEW
Transform this note into: ✓ 50+ Practice Questions ✓ Interactive Flashcards ✓ Full Practice Test ✓ Essay Outlines
Practice Test
Quiz
Flashcards
Essay
Most popular content in Chémia
Most popular content
Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.
Students love us — and so will you.
4.6/5
App Store
4.7/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user