Ali si se kdaj vprašal, kako rastline izdelujejo svojo hrano... Show more
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Updated Apr 30, 2026
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Kaj je fotosinteza?
1 / 6
Osnove fotosinteze
Predstavljaj si rastline kot naravne kuharske mojstre, ki kuhajo svojo hrano z uporabo sončnih žarkov! Fotosinteza je proces, pri katerem rastline, alge in nekatere bakterije pretvarjajo sončno svetlobo v kemično energijo.
Ta neverjetni proces se dogaja v majhnih zelenih "tovarnah" imenovanih kloroplasti. V njih se skriva zeleno barvilo klorofil, ki ujame sončno svetlobo in zaradi njega so rastline zelene.
Rastline skozi listne reže (stome) na spodnji strani listov sprejmejo ogljikov dioksid iz zraka. Te majhne odprtine delujejo kot rastlinina "usta" - vdihujejo CO₂ in izdihujejo kisik.
Zabaven dejstvo: Ena sama bukev v 50 letih življenja proizvede dovolj kisika za dve osebi eno leto!
Sestavine in izdelki procesa
Kot vsak dober recept tudi fotosinteza potrebuje določene sestavine. Rastline potrebujejo sončno svetlobo kot vir energije, vodo, ki jo črpajo s koreninami iz tal, in ogljikov dioksid iz zraka.
Ko rastlina zmešano te sestavine, nastaneta dva pomembna produkta. Prvi je glukoza - enostaven sladkor, ki rastlini služi kot hrana in energija za rast. Drugi produkt je kisik, ki ga rastlina izloči v ozračje.
Kemijska enačba fotosinteze se glasi: 6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂. To pomeni, da se šest molekul ogljikovega dioksida in šest molekul vode s pomočjo sončne energije pretvori v eno molekulo glukoze in šest molekul kisika.
Pomni za test: To enačbo moraš znati na pamet - pogosto se pojavlja na preverjanjih!
Koraki fotosinteze
Fotosinteza ni nekaj, kar se zgodi v trenutku - poteka v šestih zaporednih korakih. Najprej korenine vpijejo vodo in minerale iz tal, nato voda potuje po steblu navzgor do listov.
V tretjem koraku listi sprejmejo CO₂ iz zraka skozi listne reže. Četrti korak je ključen - klorofil ujame energijo sončne svetlobe in jo pripravi za uporabo.
Peti korak je čarobna kemična reakcija, kjer se svetlobna energija uporabi za razgradnjo vode in pretvorbo ogljikovega dioksida v glukozo. Pri tem procesu se sprosti kisik kot "stranski produkt".
V zadnjem koraku rastlina glukozo takoj porabi za energijo ali pa jo pretvori v škrob in shrani za pozneje (kot v krompirju!). Kisik pa sprosti v zrak skozi listne reže.
Zanimivost: Rastline proizvedejo več kisika podnevi, kot ga porabijo ponoči za dihanje!
Praktični primeri
Kaj mislim, da se zgodi z rastlino, če jo postavim v popolnoma temen prostor? Brez svetlobe ne more izvajati fotosinteze, zato ne more proizvajati hrane. Listi začnejo rumeneti, ker se klorofil razgradi, rastlina pa postopoma oslabi.
Podobno se dogaja jeseni - manj sončne svetlobe pomeni manj fotosinteze. Rastline prenehajo proizvajati klorofil, zato postanejo vidna druga barvila (rumeni karotenoidi in rdeči antocianini), ki jih je zelena barva prej prekrivala.
Veliki gozdovi, kot je amazonski pragozd, se imenujejo "pljuča sveta". Proizvajajo ogromne količine kisika in hkrati porabljajo CO₂, ki povzroča segrevanje ozračja.
Pomembno: Fotosinteza ni dihanje rastlin! Rastline tudi dihajo (celično dihanje), vendar to poteka ves čas, fotosinteza pa le ob svetlobi.
Test tip: Velikokrat te bodo spraševali o razliki med fotosintezo in dihanjem - to je priljubljena tema!
Dejavniki, ki vplivajo na fotosintezo
Hitrost fotosinteze ni vedno enaka - odvisna je od več dejavnikov. Jakost svetlobe je ključna - več svetlobe pomeni hitrejšo fotosintezo, vendar le do neke meje.
Tudi količina CO₂ v zraku vpliva na proces. Več ogljikovega dioksida omogoča hitrejšo proizvodnjo glukoze, spet pa le do določene točke.
Temperatura mora biti ravno pravšnja - optimalna je med 20-30°C. Če je prevroče ali premrzlo, se fotosinteza upočasni ali se celo ustavi. Količina vode je prav tako pomembna, saj ob pomanjkanju rastlina zapre listne reže in ne more sprejemati CO₂.
Za hitro ponavljanje zapomni si: fotosinteza potrebuje vodo, CO₂ in svetlobo, proizvede pa glukozo in kisik. Je osnova za večino življenja na Zemlji!
Hitra ponovitev: 6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ (s pomočjo svetlobe in klorofila)
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI companion is specifically built for the needs of students. Based on the millions of content pieces we have on the platform we can provide truly meaningful and relevant answers to students. But its not only about answers, the companion is even more about guiding students through their daily learning challenges, with personalised study plans, quizzes or content pieces in the chat and 100% personalisation based on the students skills and developments.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app in the Google Play Store and in the Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
Most popular content in Biologija
Most popular content
Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.
Students love us — and so will you.
4.6/5
App Store
4.7/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
Kaj je fotosinteza?
Ali si se kdaj vprašal, kako rastline izdelujejo svojo hrano in zakaj so listi zeleni? Fotosinteza je čudovit proces, ki omogoča rastlinam, da s pomočjo sončne svetlobe ustvarjajo hranila in nam pri tem podarjajo kisik za dihanje. Brez fotosinteze življenje... Show more
Osnove fotosinteze
Predstavljaj si rastline kot naravne kuharske mojstre, ki kuhajo svojo hrano z uporabo sončnih žarkov! Fotosinteza je proces, pri katerem rastline, alge in nekatere bakterije pretvarjajo sončno svetlobo v kemično energijo.
Ta neverjetni proces se dogaja v majhnih zelenih "tovarnah" imenovanih kloroplasti. V njih se skriva zeleno barvilo klorofil, ki ujame sončno svetlobo in zaradi njega so rastline zelene.
Rastline skozi listne reže (stome) na spodnji strani listov sprejmejo ogljikov dioksid iz zraka. Te majhne odprtine delujejo kot rastlinina "usta" - vdihujejo CO₂ in izdihujejo kisik.
Zabaven dejstvo: Ena sama bukev v 50 letih življenja proizvede dovolj kisika za dve osebi eno leto!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Sestavine in izdelki procesa
Kot vsak dober recept tudi fotosinteza potrebuje določene sestavine. Rastline potrebujejo sončno svetlobo kot vir energije, vodo, ki jo črpajo s koreninami iz tal, in ogljikov dioksid iz zraka.
Ko rastlina zmešano te sestavine, nastaneta dva pomembna produkta. Prvi je glukoza - enostaven sladkor, ki rastlini služi kot hrana in energija za rast. Drugi produkt je kisik, ki ga rastlina izloči v ozračje.
Kemijska enačba fotosinteze se glasi: 6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂. To pomeni, da se šest molekul ogljikovega dioksida in šest molekul vode s pomočjo sončne energije pretvori v eno molekulo glukoze in šest molekul kisika.
Pomni za test: To enačbo moraš znati na pamet - pogosto se pojavlja na preverjanjih!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Koraki fotosinteze
Fotosinteza ni nekaj, kar se zgodi v trenutku - poteka v šestih zaporednih korakih. Najprej korenine vpijejo vodo in minerale iz tal, nato voda potuje po steblu navzgor do listov.
V tretjem koraku listi sprejmejo CO₂ iz zraka skozi listne reže. Četrti korak je ključen - klorofil ujame energijo sončne svetlobe in jo pripravi za uporabo.
Peti korak je čarobna kemična reakcija, kjer se svetlobna energija uporabi za razgradnjo vode in pretvorbo ogljikovega dioksida v glukozo. Pri tem procesu se sprosti kisik kot "stranski produkt".
V zadnjem koraku rastlina glukozo takoj porabi za energijo ali pa jo pretvori v škrob in shrani za pozneje (kot v krompirju!). Kisik pa sprosti v zrak skozi listne reže.
Zanimivost: Rastline proizvedejo več kisika podnevi, kot ga porabijo ponoči za dihanje!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Praktični primeri
Kaj mislim, da se zgodi z rastlino, če jo postavim v popolnoma temen prostor? Brez svetlobe ne more izvajati fotosinteze, zato ne more proizvajati hrane. Listi začnejo rumeneti, ker se klorofil razgradi, rastlina pa postopoma oslabi.
Podobno se dogaja jeseni - manj sončne svetlobe pomeni manj fotosinteze. Rastline prenehajo proizvajati klorofil, zato postanejo vidna druga barvila (rumeni karotenoidi in rdeči antocianini), ki jih je zelena barva prej prekrivala.
Veliki gozdovi, kot je amazonski pragozd, se imenujejo "pljuča sveta". Proizvajajo ogromne količine kisika in hkrati porabljajo CO₂, ki povzroča segrevanje ozračja.
Pomembno: Fotosinteza ni dihanje rastlin! Rastline tudi dihajo (celično dihanje), vendar to poteka ves čas, fotosinteza pa le ob svetlobi.
Test tip: Velikokrat te bodo spraševali o razliki med fotosintezo in dihanjem - to je priljubljena tema!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Dejavniki, ki vplivajo na fotosintezo
Hitrost fotosinteze ni vedno enaka - odvisna je od več dejavnikov. Jakost svetlobe je ključna - več svetlobe pomeni hitrejšo fotosintezo, vendar le do neke meje.
Tudi količina CO₂ v zraku vpliva na proces. Več ogljikovega dioksida omogoča hitrejšo proizvodnjo glukoze, spet pa le do določene točke.
Temperatura mora biti ravno pravšnja - optimalna je med 20-30°C. Če je prevroče ali premrzlo, se fotosinteza upočasni ali se celo ustavi. Količina vode je prav tako pomembna, saj ob pomanjkanju rastlina zapre listne reže in ne more sprejemati CO₂.
Za hitro ponavljanje zapomni si: fotosinteza potrebuje vodo, CO₂ in svetlobo, proizvede pa glukozo in kisik. Je osnova za večino življenja na Zemlji!
Hitra ponovitev: 6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ (s pomočjo svetlobe in klorofila)
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI companion is specifically built for the needs of students. Based on the millions of content pieces we have on the platform we can provide truly meaningful and relevant answers to students. But its not only about answers, the companion is even more about guiding students through their daily learning challenges, with personalised study plans, quizzes or content pieces in the chat and 100% personalisation based on the students skills and developments.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app in the Google Play Store and in the Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
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Most popular content in Biologija
Most popular content
Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.
Students love us — and so will you.
4.6/5
App Store
4.7/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user