Minulý čas prostý je základní anglický čas, který používáme, když... Show more
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Updated Mar 27, 2026
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Angličtina: Jak správně používat minulý čas prostý
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Co je minulý čas prostý a kdy ho použít
Minulý čas prostý (simple past) používáme, když chceme mluvit o něčem, co se už stalo a skončilo. Je to jeden z nejdůležitějších časů v angličtině.
Tento čas se hodí pro tři hlavní situace - když mluvíš o ukončených dějích v minulosti (Včera jsem šel do kina), o jednorázových akcích (Loni jsem navštívil Londýn) nebo o dějích, které následovaly po sobě (Vstal jsem, umyl se a šel jsem do školy).
U pravidelných sloves tvoříme minulý čas jednoduše přidáním koncovky -ed ke slovesu. Například: work → worked (pracoval), play → played (hrál), watch → watched (sledoval).
Tip pro tebe: Představ si minulý čas jako fotku zachycující moment, který už proběhl - je to hotové, uzavřené a jasné!
Nepravidelná slovesa a signální slova
Nepravidelná slovesa nemají v minulém čase koncovku -ed, ale mění svůj tvar. Musíš se je prostě naučit:
- go → went (jít → šel)
- see → saw (vidět → viděl)
- buy → bought (koupit → koupil)
- eat → ate (jíst → jedl)
Minulý čas prostý poznáš v textu často podle signálních slov. To jsou slova jako yesterday (včera), last week (minulý týden), a week ago (před týdnem), in 2010 (v roce 2010) nebo when I was young (když jsem byl mladý).
V oznamovacích větách je to jednoduché - použiješ podmět a sloveso v minulém čase: I watched a film yesterday. (Včera jsem se díval na film.) nebo She played tennis last week. (Minulý týden hrála tenis.)
Pozor: Minulý čas prostý má stejný tvar pro všechny osoby, takže nemusíš řešit různé koncovky jako v češtině!
Zápor a otázky v minulém čase
Záporné věty vytvoříš pomocí didn't (did not) + základní tvar slovesa:
- I didn't watch a film yesterday. (Včera jsem se nedíval na film.)
- She didn't play tennis last week. (Minulý týden nehrála tenis.)
U záporů je důležité si pamatovat, že nepoužíváš tvar s -ed, protože pomocné sloveso "did" už vyjadřuje minulý čas!
Otázky tvoříš pomocí did na začátku věty:
- Did you watch a film yesterday? (Díval ses včera na film?)
- Did she play tennis last week? (Hrála minulý týden tenis?)
I v otázkách používáš základní tvar slovesa bez -ed, protože "did" už nese informaci o minulém čase.
Pamatuj si: V záporu a otázce se koncovka -ed "přesouvá" do slovesa did/didn't, proto už není potřeba ji dávat k hlavnímu slovesu!
Praktické příklady a časté chyby
Tady je pár užitečných vět v minulém čase:
- Včera jsem navštívil babičku. → I visited my grandmother yesterday.
- Minulý rok jsme necestovali do zahraničí. → We didn't travel abroad last year.
- Koupil sis nové auto? → Did you buy a new car?
- Kdy jsi dokončil svůj projekt? → When did you finish your project?
Nejčastější chyba, kterou studenti dělají, je používání koncovky -ed u hlavního slovesa v záporech a otázkách. Správně je:
- ❌ I didn't watched a film. (Špatně!)
- ✅ I didn't watch a film. (Správně!)
Trik pro zapamatování: Představ si, že -ed je jako batoh. V normální větě ho nese hlavní sloveso, ale v otázce a záporu ho převezme pomocník "did/didn't", takže hlavní sloveso může "cestovat nalehko"!
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Our AI companion is specifically built for the needs of students. Based on the millions of content pieces we have on the platform we can provide truly meaningful and relevant answers to students. But its not only about answers, the companion is even more about guiding students through their daily learning challenges, with personalised study plans, quizzes or content pieces in the chat and 100% personalisation based on the students skills and developments.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app in the Google Play Store and in the Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
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The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
Angličtina: Jak správně používat minulý čas prostý
Minulý čas prostý je základní anglický čas, který používáme, když mluvíme o ukončených dějích v minulosti. Je super jednoduchý na pochopení a brzy ho budeš používat úplně automaticky!
Co je minulý čas prostý a kdy ho použít
Minulý čas prostý (simple past) používáme, když chceme mluvit o něčem, co se už stalo a skončilo. Je to jeden z nejdůležitějších časů v angličtině.
Tento čas se hodí pro tři hlavní situace - když mluvíš o ukončených dějích v minulosti (Včera jsem šel do kina), o jednorázových akcích (Loni jsem navštívil Londýn) nebo o dějích, které následovaly po sobě (Vstal jsem, umyl se a šel jsem do školy).
U pravidelných sloves tvoříme minulý čas jednoduše přidáním koncovky -ed ke slovesu. Například: work → worked (pracoval), play → played (hrál), watch → watched (sledoval).
Tip pro tebe: Představ si minulý čas jako fotku zachycující moment, který už proběhl - je to hotové, uzavřené a jasné!
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Nepravidelná slovesa a signální slova
Nepravidelná slovesa nemají v minulém čase koncovku -ed, ale mění svůj tvar. Musíš se je prostě naučit:
- go → went (jít → šel)
- see → saw (vidět → viděl)
- buy → bought (koupit → koupil)
- eat → ate (jíst → jedl)
Minulý čas prostý poznáš v textu často podle signálních slov. To jsou slova jako yesterday (včera), last week (minulý týden), a week ago (před týdnem), in 2010 (v roce 2010) nebo when I was young (když jsem byl mladý).
V oznamovacích větách je to jednoduché - použiješ podmět a sloveso v minulém čase: I watched a film yesterday. (Včera jsem se díval na film.) nebo She played tennis last week. (Minulý týden hrála tenis.)
Pozor: Minulý čas prostý má stejný tvar pro všechny osoby, takže nemusíš řešit různé koncovky jako v češtině!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
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Zápor a otázky v minulém čase
Záporné věty vytvoříš pomocí didn't (did not) + základní tvar slovesa:
- I didn't watch a film yesterday. (Včera jsem se nedíval na film.)
- She didn't play tennis last week. (Minulý týden nehrála tenis.)
U záporů je důležité si pamatovat, že nepoužíváš tvar s -ed, protože pomocné sloveso "did" už vyjadřuje minulý čas!
Otázky tvoříš pomocí did na začátku věty:
- Did you watch a film yesterday? (Díval ses včera na film?)
- Did she play tennis last week? (Hrála minulý týden tenis?)
I v otázkách používáš základní tvar slovesa bez -ed, protože "did" už nese informaci o minulém čase.
Pamatuj si: V záporu a otázce se koncovka -ed "přesouvá" do slovesa did/didn't, proto už není potřeba ji dávat k hlavnímu slovesu!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
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Praktické příklady a časté chyby
Tady je pár užitečných vět v minulém čase:
- Včera jsem navštívil babičku. → I visited my grandmother yesterday.
- Minulý rok jsme necestovali do zahraničí. → We didn't travel abroad last year.
- Koupil sis nové auto? → Did you buy a new car?
- Kdy jsi dokončil svůj projekt? → When did you finish your project?
Nejčastější chyba, kterou studenti dělají, je používání koncovky -ed u hlavního slovesa v záporech a otázkách. Správně je:
- ❌ I didn't watched a film. (Špatně!)
- ✅ I didn't watch a film. (Správně!)
Trik pro zapamatování: Představ si, že -ed je jako batoh. V normální větě ho nese hlavní sloveso, ale v otázce a záporu ho převezme pomocník "did/didn't", takže hlavní sloveso může "cestovat nalehko"!
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI companion is specifically built for the needs of students. Based on the millions of content pieces we have on the platform we can provide truly meaningful and relevant answers to students. But its not only about answers, the companion is even more about guiding students through their daily learning challenges, with personalised study plans, quizzes or content pieces in the chat and 100% personalisation based on the students skills and developments.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app in the Google Play Store and in the Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
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Most popular content: Past Tense
Most popular content in Angličtina
Most popular content
Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.
Students love us — and so will you.
4.6/5
App Store
4.7/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user